What is Epididymitis? Understanding Its Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

If you’ve ever experienced sudden pain or swelling in your testicles, it might not just be a random discomfort, it could be epididymitis. This is a lesser-known but surprisingly common condition that affects men of all ages.

The epididymis is a coiled tube at the back of the testicle that plays a crucial role in storing and transporting sperm. But when it becomes inflamed due to infection or injury, it can lead to pain, swelling, and even long-term fertility concerns. In this article, we’ll break down what epididymitis is, what causes it, how to recognise its symptoms, and the best treatment options to get you back to feeling normal again.

What is Epididymitis?

The epididymis is a coiled tube at the rear of each testicle that stores and transports sperm. The condition is known as epididymitis when this epididymis is blocked due to inflammation or injury. The testicular area may experience severe pain or discomfort as a result of this inflammation.

Despite how overwhelming this may seem, there is no reason to panic. Let's have a better understanding of this condition so that we can successfully manage it.

What are the Types of Epididymitis?

Based on the symptoms and causes of epididymitis, two types of epididymitis affect males. Here are the two types:

• Abrupt or Acute Epididymitis: This is the point at which your symptoms worsen and appear out of nowhere. A bacterial infection is typically the cause of acute epididymitis.
• Persistent or Chronic Epididymitis: This occurs when you have pain or discomfort for six weeks or more. The pain or discomfort could subside and then return. Compared to acute epididymitis, the symptoms are typically less.

What are the Main Causes of Epididymitis?

The most common cause of epididymitis in people under 35 is sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as chlamydia or gonorrhoea.

The most frequent cause of epididymitis in people over 35 is the backflow of contaminated urine down the ejaculatory tube to the epididymis. E. coli is the most prevalent bacteria associated with this. Due to their exposure to gastrointestinal germs like E. coli, males who have intercourse with other guys are also more likely to get epididymitis.

However, the following are some less frequent causes of epididymitis:

• A urethral blockage
• An infection in your prostate gland (prostatitis)
• Using an infected urinary catheter
• An injury to your groin area
• Some medications

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Epididymitis?

The severity of epididymitis symptoms may vary according to the level of inflammation. Typical signs of epididymitis include:

Chronic scrotal pain that could spread to the whole groin region

• Testicular swelling and redness
• Blood is seen in semen
• Chills and fever
• Painful & frequent urination
• Pain in lower abdomen
• Discharge from penis

How is Epididymitis Diagnosed in Males?

If you have been feeling discomfort in your groin region for a very long time, you must immediately connect with a doctor.

The doctor will ask you about your symptoms and examine your scrotum physically to check for a lump or tender spot. They may also ask you to undergo certain tests, such as:

• Blood test: This involves drawing blood and analysing it for infection.
• Bacteria swab tests: This involves inserting a swab into your urethra and testing it for STI pathogens (viruses or bacteria).
• Ultrasound: This involves imaging of your scrotum to help in the diagnosis of epididymitis.

How is Epididymitis Treated in Males?

The cause of the epididymitis will determine the course of treatment. The doctor will first examine you, find out the cause of the problem, and then suggest you undergo any type of treatment. Here are some scenarios of treatment:

• Case 1: If the cause of the problem is bacterial growth, the doctor may prescribe you antibiotics and painkillers.
• Case 2: If the cause of the problem is an STD (Sexually transmitted disease), the guy must immediately inform his sexual partners.
Additionally, they will have to refrain from sexual activity until the course of treatment is finished.
• Case 3: The doctor can also prescribe anti-inflammatory medications to lessen discomfort, pain and swelling.

Additionally, there are a few fundamental actions one can take to lessen discomfort:

• Wearing a scrotal support, resting in a prone position, and administering an ice pack to the sore spot
• Epididymitis discomfort usually goes away in one to three days after treatment begins, while some of the symptoms may not go away for months.
• In more serious situations, a patient may need surgery.
• Some follow-up examination may be suggested to check the condition.

When to See a Doctor for Epididymitis?

Consult a fertility specialist if you're in constant pain or discomfort and if your pain doesn't go away in four days. Seek medical help right away if you have a high fever or are suffering excruciating scrotal pain. While the illness is still acute, a doctor can give medicine at first and then suggest other treatments.

What are the Precautions for Avoiding Epididymitis?

As it is said, prevention is better than cure; hence, you must always try to prevent any fertility issues in your body. Epididymitis can occasionally be prevented, and you can lower your risk of infection by taking the following actions:

• STD prevention using a condom or other barrier techniques.
• Lowering the number of adult male sexual partners.
• Cleaning and disinfecting communal toilet seats regularly.
• Avoid sitting for long durations.
• Prohibit doing strenuous and heavy lifting.

Can I Self-Treat Epididymitis?

Most cases of epididymitis cannot be treated on your own. It is always suggested to consult with a doctor for a complete diagnosis, treatment and care. However, if you feel pain in your scrotum or experience some signs of epididymitis, you can lessen the symptoms by:

• Taking enough sleep
• Putting ice packs on your groin or scrotum
• Avoid tight-fitting pants & underwear
• Consuming a lot of liquids, particularly water
• Consulting a doctor regularly

Sum Up

With correct diagnosis and treatment, epididymitis can be effectively treated. You might experience discomfort, pain and anxiety while undergoing treatment, but patience is the key.

Remember, making your health a top priority is crucial to treating any illness. You must follow your doctor’s prescription and care tips to get better soon.

Do not hesitate to contact Crysta IVF to get expert advice for any infertility or reproductive health-related problem.